What is a citation?A citation is required whenever you quote directly from a source, refer to it, or paraphrase it. Sources come in a variety of different formats, such as books, articles, videos, audio recordings, unpublished materials, and more. Citing sources is vital in all professional and scholarly communication. You need to be able to show your audience the sources you used to create your work, and how they helped you reach your conclusion. For this class, you will be using one of two citation styles: APA or Harvard (commonly known as the Author-Date style). According to the APA Publication Manual, you should
*this in-text citation is in APA style. If it were in Harvard style, it would look like this: (VandenBos et al eds. 2010, p. 169) |
| APA Style | Harvard Style (aka Author-Date Style) |
| Crediting sources. (2010). In G. R. VandenBos et al (Eds.), Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed., p. 169). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. | VandenBos, G. R., et al (eds) 2010, 'Crediting sources,' in Publication manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edn, American Psychological Association, Washington, D.C. |
The Chicago Manual of Style by 
The Concise APA Handbook by
"Most students struggle with learning how to find references, use them effectively, and cite them appropriately in a required format. One of the most common formats is that of APA. The authors all have vast experience teaching writing courses to various levels of students from undergraduates to graduates in other countries. However, there was lacking a book that could explain the basics of APA in simple, easy-to-understand language for non-native speakers of English, who are often unfamiliar with using references and formatting an essay in a particular method. In order to offer English Learner student writers a source of information that is appropriate for their level, and is cost-effective, this updated APA 7th edition guidebook provides students with important information in clear, concise, user-friendly language, as well as to offer practical examples that will help them grasp the concept of secondary research writing. Much of the published materials on the market targets native speakers of English. The problem with this is that they present the nitpicky details of APA in ways that do not make sense to native speakers of English, let alone to those for whom English is not their first language, because the information is presented in very technical terms that are not easy to understand. This handbook presents the same information in simplified terms with images and step-by-step instructions in ways that make sense to both native and non-native English speaking student writers. Additionally, student writers often struggle with understanding the concept of plagiarism, as well as how to find sources, evaluate the appropriateness of sources, and use sources in effective ways (e.g., how to integrate quotes, when to paraphrase, among others). This book provides this important information that is concise and easy to understand."--
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by This is the web-based version of EndNote Desktop. Register/signup at my.endnote.com before downloading the desktop version. Click here for the EndNote online Quick Reference Guide.
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A free reference management and academic social network, Mendeley can help you organize your research, collaborate with others online, and discover the latest research. Features include the ability to automatically generate bibliographies, import papers from other research software, discover relevant papers based on what you're reading, online access to your papers, and apps for iOS and Android.
A free, open-source citation management tool that is available as a standalone program or an extension in Chrome and Firefox. Like other reference management tools, Zotero offers plugins for Microsoft Word and Open Office so you can insert citations as you write.